This component was announced on Google I/O 2019 presentation as ConstraintLayout functionality extension. In documentation we can see:
«MotionLayout — it is ConstraintLayout, which allows you to animate layouts between various states»
So, this layout can do all the same as ConstraintLayout, despite that it allows to manage Transition condition in real time based on some programming limitations and user's activities. Also you can read about Transition in my previous article.